Cybersecurity Threats Example

Cybersecurity Threats Example Cybersecurity Threats – Coursework Example Cyber-Attack Counter-measures affiliation Cyber-Attack Countermeasures Cyber security entails the maintaining and protection of computer systems and the information they contain from intrusion, disruption, or malicious damage. Since computer networks have become key elements in both business activities and running of governments, tampering with them could have grave consequences for organizations, firms and individuals (Kosat et al., 2010). The question to what degree these individual-level concerns translate into risk for critical infrastructure brought about the coining of the term â€Å"Digital Pearl Harbor† in the mid-1990s which referred to the predictions of a world where hackers would plunge capitals into blackness, poison water supplies, open floodgates, not to mention cause aircrafts to crash into each other. Although the idea could have been far-fetched, nothing is far from the truth and countermeasures need to be developed.It is for a fact that cyber-attack has neve r produced results predicted by the â€Å"Digital Pearl Harbor† in spite of being thousands of them. Nonetheless, cyber-attacks remain a cause for concern, and there is need to counter them. Being prepared is a measure by itself. The process of preparation is an ever-ongoing process. It necessitates sharpening the tools used to identify and handle security glitches (Giani et al., 2011). It covers not only the implementation, but also the operation of the tools, collecting and sharing information, building recommendations for toughening systems and avoiding network vulnerabilities. At this point, it should be underscored that maintaining a close link with IT Risk management is imperative.Secondly, if an incident happens, the most important thing the victim should do is detect it in a timely fashion. Having working and up-to-date sources of information such as vulnerability reports, and a centralized log information originating from access management systems, firewalls, proxies , DNS servers, and so on is crucial. Identifying a threat is critical as it helps in its classification, allowing the victim to establish a procedure of dealing with it (Li et al., 2012).Conclusively, most victims of cyber-attacks have gone through the process due to using obsolete computer technologies to protect themselves from dynamic cyber –attacks. The situation is worsened by a poor detection method. In other words, some victims do not even realize their network systems have vulnerabilities leading to dire consequences from their part.ReferencesGiani, A., Bitar, E., Garcia, M., McQueen, M., Khargonekar, P., & Poolla, K. (2011, October). Smart grid data integrity attacks: characterizations and countermeasures Ï€. In Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm), 2011 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 232-237). IEEE.Kosut, O., Jia, L., Thomas, R. J., & Tong, L. (2010, October). Malicious data attacks on smart grid state estimation: Attack strategies and countermeasures . In Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm), 2010 First IEEE International Conference on (pp. 220-225). IEEE.Li, X., Liang, X., Lu, R., Shen, X., Lin, X., & Zhu, H. (2012). Securing smart grid: cyber attacks, countermeasures, and challenges. Communications Magazine, IEEE, 50(8), 38-45.

Download Your Resume on LinkedIn

How to Easily Upload/Download Your Resume on LinkedIn Need to add your resume to your LinkedIn profile? Or need to convert your LinkedIn to a workable resume? Have no fear! Here are easy steps you can follow to do either without any trouble. Put Your Resume on  Ã‚  LinkedInIf you sign into your account, then select the Profile menu from the bar at the top, there is an option to Edit, and then from those extended options, the option to Import Resume. A pop-up will give you a chance to select your file (up to 500kb: either .doc, .pdf, or .html).In the Review Experience and Education interface, you can populate the fields and tweak the information as you need. Then simply save your changes with the botton at the bottom†¦. and voila!Make a Resume from a LinkedIn ProfileOne option for converting your LinkedIn profile to a gorgeous resume is the program Resumonk. It takes only a few minutes and two simple steps.1. Download your profile as a PDF. Click on the Me link at the top, then View Profile. There’s a more icon (â€Å"â₠¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) in the top section of your profile, click that and then select Save to PDF. That’s that!2. Upload your PDF. If you already have a Resumonk account, simply log in and get started. Otherwise, sign up! If you have an existing resume saved to Resumonk, you can click the Edit button on the dashboard beside it. Otherwise select Create a New Resume. On the next page, there’ll be a button at the top called Import from LinkedIn. This will take you to another page where you can upload your new PDF.Use the Preview Customization page to change the template, fonts, colors, spacing, etc. Then click Save Design Page Settings.b You can continue to edit your resume, or download it when you’re ready by selecting the download (in .pdf or .docx format) function.You can also use Resume Builder, which was created as part of LinkedIn Labs and also lets you choose a template, or edit/view in Outline form. Or DoYouBuzz, which is a very user-friendly website with both free and paid plans, giving you tons of template options and is a very smooth process as well.

ESL Job Interview Lesson and Worksheet

ESL Job Interview Lesson and Worksheet Students in ESL classes (and some EFL classes) will eventually need to take job interviews as they go about finding new employment. The art of job interviewing can be a touchy subject for many students and the approach can vary widely from country to country. Some countries may expect a more aggressive, self-promoting style, while others may generally prefer a more modest approach. In any case, job interviews can make even the best students nervous. One of the best ways to deal with this is to explain job interviewing as an extremely important game. Make it clear that students should understand the rules of the game. Whether or not they feel any given job interviewing style is fair is an entirely different issue. By making immediately clear that youre not trying to teach the correct way to interview, but only trying to help them understand the rules of the game and what they should expect from it, youll help students focus on the task at hand, rather than getting caught up in cultural comparisons. Aim: Improve job interviewing skills Activity: Simulated job interviews Level:  Intermediate to advanced Teaching Outline Distribute the worksheet (from this lesson) to students in the class. Students should follow each of the instructions carefully.Make groups of three people and choose one person to interview for the positions, one to interview the job applicant, and one to take notes on the job interview.Review notes after each interview and have the interviewers tell the interviewees how they think they could improve their job interviewing skills.Have students switch roles and either interview another person or take notes. Make sure that all students have taken notes AND interviewed so that they can better understand the job interviewing process.While students are in their groups, have them note disagreements on a good job interviewing technique. At the end of the session, have students to ask other students their opinions on these disagreements.As a follow-up activity, have students go online and find a few jobs they would like to do. Have them write down their qualifications as practice in class. Job Interviewing Worksheet Visit a popular employment website to search for positions. Put in a few keywords for jobs that you would like. Alternately, find a newspaper with employment ads. If you dont have access to job listings, think of some jobs that you might find interesting. The positions you choose should be related to employment you have done in the past, or the jobs you would like to do in the future as they relate to your studies.  The positions dont necessarily need to be identical to your past jobs, nor do they need to exactly match the subject you are studying at school. Choose two jobs from the list of positions you have found. Make sure to choose jobs that match your skills in some way. To prepare yourself with appropriate vocabulary, you should explore vocabulary resources that list specific vocabulary for the work sector for which you are applying. Several resources can help with this: Use the Occupational Outlook Handbook, which lists positions by industry. This is a rich resource that provides general descriptions of the type of work and responsibilities you can expect.Search the industry glossary, for example, banking glossary. This will lead you to pages that provide definitions for key language in your chosen industry.Use a collocation dictionary with keywords from your industry. This will help you learn key phrases and words that usually go together. On a separate piece of paper, write down your qualifications for the job. Think about the skills you have and how they relate to the job you would like. These skills and qualifications can later be used on your resume. Here are some of the questions you should ask yourself when thinking about your qualifications: What tasks have I done at past jobs that are similar to the tasks required in this job advertisement?What are my strengths and weaknesses and how do they relate to the tasks required in this job advertisement?How do I relate to people? Do I have good people skills?If I dont have any related work experience, how does the experience I have and/or studies Ive done relate?Why do I want this job? With classmates, take turns interviewing each other. You can help fellow students by writing down a few questions that you feel will be asked. However, make sure that your partners also include general questions such as Whats your greatest strength?

Compare between Plato and Karl marx on the topic of human nature Essay

Compare between Plato and Karl marx on the topic of human nature - Essay Example Similarly, it will be somewhat more difficult with respect to Karl Marx, not due to the fact that Marx had no opinion on the issue (quite the opposite in fact), but rather due to the fact that Marx himself never specifically sought to engage on the topic. Rather, Marx would periodically discuss tangential manifestations of human nature with respect to â€Å"essence† and â€Å"biological definitions of man† within his works. To this end, I will seek to synthesize these tangential manifestations as a way of understanding what this author believes to be Karl Marx’s approach to the issue of human nature within his writings. Firstly, when one considers Plato, they necessarily consider his inspiration and teacher – Socrates. Socrates himself was highly interested in the notion of human nature as he so often came at odds with prevailing notions of his time while attempting to break through such staunchly, albeit blindly, held beliefs that the men of his time clun g to with such fervor. Accordingly, due to the fact that Socrates had such a profound impact on Plato, it is not beyond logic to assume that many of Plato’s own views of human nature were themselves borrowed or at the very least inspired from Socrates. One such view of humanity is of course distinctly related through Plato’s allegory of the cave (Plato 44). Although a host of Plato’s writings deal with the topic of human nature, for purposes of this brief analysis, the author will only consider the allegory of the cave due to the length limitations that a more full and complete analysis might entail. It seems to me that such an approach is useful due to the fact that Plato can provide a well reasoned and differentiated view of reality and its relation to the constructs of human nature. Within this work, Plato introduces the reader to a situation in which allegorical prisoners are chained to a cave wall for their entire lives – never seeing anyone or the l ight of day. Rather, all the prisoners are able to discern is the flicker and the shadows of figures that the moving individuals and torches behind them portend. The allegory goes on to explain that if one of these creatures was taken out into the light of day to see the sun, to view the skies, and to feel the warmth of the air, they would likely run frantically back into the bowels of the cave to escape from such perceptions that they might deem as unsavory and wildly foreign. In this way, Plato exhibits an example to the reader in which the reality/nature of the individual is uniquely born out of the perceptions/environment in which they have grown accustomed (Fromm 24). As such, Plato illustrates that encouraging such an individual to action outside of their comfort zone or to think outside of the means by which they have grown accustomed very rarely yields a positive result. In this way, Plato exhibits a very traditional view of human nature as something that is ingrained from t he early experiences and years of an individual’s life and seeks to define and corral the ambitions, thoughts, dreams, and goals, of the individual for the remainder of the life. As this can be understood as a traditional approach to human nature, it must also be understood as

Business Law and Ethics The Overview of Cases Essay

Business Law and Ethics The Overview of Cases - Essay Example Knutsen formed an oral contract with Signoff wherein Knutsen sold Signoff 30 head of cattle for slaughter. Signoff sent Knutsen a check for $9,373 â€Å"in full payment †¦ cattle, 30 head†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Knutsen claimed he was promised 34 cents per pound which would have earned $10,725. Signoff countered that he promised to pay based on â€Å"grade and yield,† a common industry practice. Knutsen cashed the check and then sued Signoff for the difference in price. Could Knutsen collect? In simple words, getting the check cashed means accepting the offer and the consideration that was made. If there were serious issues with the payment in this case, the check should not have been cashed ( Cross & Miller, 2011). Moreover, Signoff had promised to pay as per grade and yield, which in itself is somewhat an unclear term and does not specify the exact value to be paid to the seller. The seller is in a weaker position and cannot sue Signoff because for first, the check that was received in full payment was received and accepted hence cashed, and no specific amount had been promised as claimed by the seller. Only if the contract was clearer and precise mentioning the exact amount or if he had not collected and cashed the check (refusing acceptance) and if Signoff had not laid the condition of payment by grade and yield, would have Knutsen been able to sue him for difference in price. The case above shows that Knutsen is not in a position to sue Signoff. 3. Dr. Smith, the Cha irman of the Department of Pediatrics at a medical school, negotiated with Dr. Jones to hire Dr. Jones as a professor at a specified salary. Jones accepted the offer, put his house up for sale, and resigned from his current job. A few days later, Dr. Smith sent a letter to Dr. Jones, withdrawing the offer on the basis that some faculty member opposed his appointment and that any job offer had to be approved by the Dean of the Medical School; that is, Dr. Smith did not have the authority to hire Dr. Jones. Dr.

Forces Industry Analysis of the PC Industry Essay - 18

Forces Industry Analysis of the PC Industry - Essay Example As stated by Yoffie & Rossano (2012), in its early years during the 1990s, the industry was dominated by â€Å"Wintel†, which was a merged form of Windows OS brand and the Intel brand. However, with the increasing demands for internet and other technology developments, the PC industry has today become comparatively open and flexible to allow new entrants in terms of â€Å"no-name clone makers†. Nevertheless, the industry is regarded to be one of the most capital-intensive investment sectors encompassing rigid legal and trade norms which restrict the authentication of new players to gain a long-run sustainable foothold. High degree of innovation requirements to mitigate competitive barriers also tends to restrict the new entrants in the market lowering the risk of entry by potential competitors (Yoffie & Rossano, 2012). The consumption pattern and the quantity demanded by the buyers in the PC industry have been changing over the past few years, especially with the rising demand in emerging global markets. The buyers of the PC industry can be categorized into five sections comprising the household, the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), large industry, governmental sectors and education sectors. Even though the numbers of buyers in each segment are increasing rapidly in the industry context, the household consumers of the PC market can be identified as the largest buying group in the industry. Additionally, with the availability of only a few large brands within the industry, the growing numbers of buyers tend to have the greater bargaining power to steer the industry competition (Yoffie & Rossano, 2012).

Obstructive sleep apnoea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Obstructive sleep apnoea - Essay Example The conventional and popular treatment like CPAP, VPAP, and APAP along with development of new therapies and their respective operating mechanisms are explained. Lastly the widening future perspective is mentioned with special emphasis on the prevalence of the disease on the infants. 1. Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea is a pathological disorder generally found with cyclic upper airway obstruction with the narrowing of the respiratory passages during sleep. A general trend that follows with this disorder is that the majority people affected are overweight with higher deposits of fatty tissues in their respiratory passages with hyper normal size of soft palates and tongues (Obstructive Sleep Apnea, n.d.). Adverse consequences of this disorder are related with excessive daytime sleepiness, cognitive dysfunction, retarded work performance, anxiety, difficulties in personal relations, increased risk of fatal and non fatal automobile accidents leading to the loss of human life and hug e economical burden in the modern world. Thus the study of this disorder in its core is a necessity and synchronous analysis of this disorder is elucidated in the paper from problem identification to functional remedial measures. 1.1 Historical background Years after the World war, medical science saw new dimensions in the psychological treatments which included brain wave patterns and rapid eye movement (REM). During 1960s, several investigators participated in the explanatory and quantitative analysis of human and animal sleep with related changes in subsequent stages of development. Development revealed the phenomenal concept of duality of sleep which stated that sleep generally consisted of two distinct organismic states that is REM sleep and non-REM sleep. Fig.1 General Structure of sleep (Dement, 1998) Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) was first diagnosed in Europe in the year 1965 by two groups Gastant et al, Jung and Kuhlo. This disorder was named as the â€Å"Pickwickian synd rome† a decade earlier with the misattribution that the daytime somnolence is a cause hypercapnia (excess of carbon di oxide in the body) and it would have not unfurled transparently until Italian neurologist Elio Lugaresi became deeply engrossed in the study of the Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) and tracked down the problem with unparalleled zeal and set the platform for its further research (Dement, 1998). Throughout the 1970s the only effective treatment for acute OSA was chronic tracheostomy, which generated severe constraints and was regarded as a barrier to the expansion of the sleep medicine. The phase of 1980s ushered with the development of alternative method like Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. In recent decade awareness has been greatly spread and facts reveal that OSA afflicts around 30 million people in USA and many millions around the globe. The disorder is found to vary among different age groups depending on the way of diagnosis of the disorder (Dement, 1998). 1.2 E pidemiology and Prevalence of apnea The fundamental features of OSA are generally featured by frequent instances of apnea and hypopnea while in slumber. In adults undiagnosed OSA is very common wide severity, cardiovascular and behavioral disorders. A need for better credit and management of severe and symptomatic OSA is highly necessary (Young et al, 2002). The prevalence of OSA has been estimated to vary in the range of 2 to 10 percent